計(jì)及電池放電損耗的電動(dòng)汽車充放電優(yōu)化調(diào)度策略

 

戴越繁，楊偉

（南京理工大學(xué) 自動(dòng)化學(xué)院，江蘇 南京 210094）

 

    摘 要：針對(duì)現(xiàn)有電動(dòng)汽車充放電策略對(duì)電池放電損耗考慮不夠深入的問題，提出一種計(jì)及電池放電損耗的充放電優(yōu)化調(diào)度策略。該策略以峰谷分時(shí)電價(jià)為背景，根據(jù)電池?fù)p耗模型計(jì)算電池放電損耗并計(jì)入用戶用電成本，建立以電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷波動(dòng)和用戶用電成本為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，以充放電功率、電池可用容量、不可用時(shí)段和出行SOC要求為約束條件的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型，采用基于雜交的混合粒子群算法求解。利用Matlab進(jìn)行算例仿真，針對(duì)不同電池?fù)p耗模型、不同調(diào)度車輛數(shù)以及不同分時(shí)電價(jià)下調(diào)度策略的優(yōu)化效果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，驗(yàn)證了該策略的可行性和有效性。

    關(guān)鍵詞：電動(dòng)汽車；充放電調(diào)度；分時(shí)電價(jià)；電池?fù)p耗；多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化

    中圖分類號(hào)：TM734；U469.72     文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A     文章編號(hào)：1007-3175(2019)10-0001-08

    Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the existent charging and discharging strategies of electric vehicles seldom consider the battery discharging loss in depth, this paper proposed an optimal dispatching strategy for charging and discharging considering battery discharging loss. This strategy took the peak-valley time-of-use price as the background, calculated the battery discharging loss based on battery loss model and took the user's electricity cost into account. In the optimal dispatching model, the load fluctuation in power grid and user cost were set as the multiple objective function to be optimized. Charging and discharging power, available battery capacity, unavailable period and travel SOC requirements were set as the constraint of multi-objective optimization model. The model was solved by hybrid particle swarm optimization. With the Matlab example simulation, in allusion to the different battery loss models, different dispatching vehicles number and different time-of-use price on the dispatching strategy were compared and analyzed, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

    Key words: electric vehicles; charging and discharging dispatching; time-of-use price; battery loss; multi-objective optimization