火災監(jiān)測及預警技術(shù)在風力發(fā)電機組上的研究及應用
竇才
(遼寧大唐國際新能源有限公司，遼寧 沈陽 110002)
摘 要：風力發(fā)電機組因其特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)與運行環(huán)境，面臨著較高的火災風險，合理應用火災監(jiān)測及預警技術(shù)，對保障風力發(fā)電機組安全穩(wěn)定運行具有重要意義。根據(jù)風力發(fā)電機組火災風險點和火災特點，對比主流的火災監(jiān)測及預警技術(shù)，分析現(xiàn)有監(jiān)測和預警技術(shù)短板，提出多參數(shù)融合監(jiān)測、環(huán)境自適應抗干擾算法、“監(jiān)測—預警—控制”一體化聯(lián)動系統(tǒng)三大改進方案。通過 FDS 軟件搭建電氣柜滅火模型進行仿真驗證，并在沈陽某風電場 1.5 MW 機組上開展應用測試。結(jié)果表明，該改進方案可提升預警穩(wěn)定性與有效性，顯著降低誤報率，同時實現(xiàn)與機組應急動作的協(xié)同，為風電機組安全運行提供技術(shù)支撐。
關鍵詞： 風力發(fā)電機組；火災監(jiān)測；預警技術(shù)；溫度監(jiān)測；氣體監(jiān)測；煙霧監(jiān)測
中圖分類號：TM614 ；TP212.9 文獻標識碼：B 文章編號：2097-6623(2026)02-0037-05
Research and Application of Fire Monitoring and
Early Warning Technology for Wind Turbines
DOU Cai
（Liaoning Datang International New Energy Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110002, China）
Abstract: Wind turbines face a high fire risk due to their special structure and operating environment. The rational application of fire monitoring and early warning technology is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of wind turbines. Based on the fire risk points and fire characteristics of wind turbines, this paper compares the mainstream fire monitoring and early warning technologies, analyzes the shortcomings of the existing ones, and puts forward three improvement schemes: multi-sensor fusion monitoring, environment-adaptive anti-interference algorithm, and integrated linkage system of "monitoring—warning—control". A fire extinguishing model for electrical cabinets was built and verified by simulation using FDS software, and application tests were carried out on a 1.5 MW unit at a wind farm in Shenyang. The results show that the improved scheme can enhance the stability and effectiveness of early warning, significantly reduce the false alarm rate, and realize coordination with the emergency actions of the unit at the same time, providing technical support for the safe operation of wind turbines.
Key words: wind turbine; fire monitoring; early warning technology; temperature monitoring; gas monitoring; smoke monitoring
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